By boosting innate immunity can eradicate aggressive prostate cancer in mice

Drug activates neutrophils instead of T cells, leading to cancer clearance

University of Chicago Medical Center

Cabozantinib, an FDA-approved drug for patients with certain types of thyroid or kidney cancer, was able to eradicate invasive prostate cancers in mice by causing tumor cells to secrete factors that entice neutrophils -- the first-responders of the immune system -- to infiltrate the tumor. This novel approach, utilizing the innate immune system, produced near-complete clearance of invasive prostate cancers within 48 to 72 hours.

Journal Reference:

Akash Patnaik, Kenneth D. Swanson, Eva Csizmadia, Aniruddh Solanki, Natalie Landon-Brace, Marina P. Gehring, Katja Helenius, Brian M. Olson, Athalia R. Pyzer, Lily C. Wang, Olivier Elemento, Jesse Novak, Thomas B. Thornley, John M. Asara, Laleh Montaser, Joshua J. Timmons, Todd M. Morgan, Yugang Wang, Elena Levantini, John G. Clohessy, Kathleen Kelly, Pier Paolo Pandolfi, Jacalyn M. Rosenblatt, David E. Avigan, Huihui Ye, Jeffrey M. Karp, Sabina Signoretti, Steven P. Balk, Lewis C. Cantley. Cabozantinib Eradicates Advanced Murine Prostate Cancer by Activating Anti-Tumor Innate Immunity. Cancer Discovery, 2017; CD-16-0778 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-0778

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Green tea ingredient may ameliorate memory impairment, brain insulin resistance, and obesity

Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology A study published online in The FASEB Journal, involving mice, suggests that EGCG (epigallocatechin-3-gallate), the most abundant catechin and biologically active component in green tea, could alleviate high-fat and high-fructose (HFFD)-induced insulin resistance and cognitive impairment. Previous research pointed to the potential of EGCG to treat a variety of human diseases, yet until now, EGCG's impact on insulin resistance and cognitive deficits triggered in the brain by a Western diet remained unclear. Journal Reference: Yashi Mi, Guoyuan Qi, Rong Fan, Qinglian Qiao, Yali Sun, Yuqi Gao, Xuebo Liu. EGCG ameliorates high-fat– and high-fructose–induced cognitive defects by regulating the IRS/AKT and ERK/CREB/BDNF. The FASEB Journal, 2017; fj.201700400RR DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700400RR

Loblolly pine genome is largest ever sequenced: Seven times bigger than the human genome

Genetic Society of America The masssive genome of the loblolly pine -- around seven times bigger than the human genome -- is the largest genome sequenced to date and the most complete conifer genome sequence ever published. This achievement marks the first big test of a new analysis method that can speed up genome assembly by compressing the raw sequence data 100-fold.

How healthy is genetically modified soybean oil?

University of California-Riverside Soybean oil accounts for more than 90 percent of all the seed oil production in the United States. Genetically modified soybean oil, made from seeds of GM soybean plants, was recently introduced into the food supply on the premise that it is healthier than conventional soybean oil. But is that premise true? Just barely, say scientists. Researchers at the University of California, Riverside have tested a genetically-modified (GM) soybean oil used in restaurants and found that while it induces less obesity and insulin resistance than conventional soybean oil, its effects on diabetes and fatty liver are similar to those of conventional soybean oil.

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